CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY AND BUYING BEHAVIOR Research Paper

CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY AND BUYING conduct - Research Paper ExampleResearch shows that the symmetry between product image and self-image affects the product discernment of a consumer and their intentions to vitiate an item. This congruence with self-image could also facilitate positive attitudes and behaviour towards products. The study conducted in Consumers and brands a study of the impact of self-image congruence on brand preference and satisfaction, was seeking to understand the consequences of congruity of self-image on brand preference and the consumer satisfaction in the UKs precious jewellery sector. Results indicated that congruity of self-image acted as a vitally powerful predictor of brand preferences of consumers as well as acting as a suitable predictor for satisfaction of the consumer. The respondents with above average self-image, congruity levels were found to be much likely to enjoy higher satisfaction levels, as well as increased likelihood to buy the brand. This wa s when compared to those who had below average self-image congruity levels (Gordon, 2006 p140). For this case study, the consumers were found to be dissonance-reducing buyers (Gordon, 2006 p141). They were highly involved in the jewellery purchase since the product was expensive. There was minimal difference between the brands of jewelry that existed. The consumers were also found to be complex buyers as they were buying highly valued products, and they looked for detailed information before making the purchase.

Electronic communication versus face toface Dissertation

Electronic communication versus face toface - thesis ExampleFace-to-face meetings and interactions be declining as technological and communication tools advance. My first hypothesis is that the increased habituate of electronic media give diminish face-to-face communication and the effectiveness of communication will be compromised until bleak communication cultures emerge. My second hypothesis is that the issues of gender, race and culture will tend to be minimised as the message becomes paramount, and also that prejudices are no longer trigged by personal interactions. My third hypothesis is that the effectiveness of calculator Managed Communication (CMC) in many aspects is an age-related issue, and that a generational transformation to new communication methods is underway. In my utmost chapter, I will consider whether the literature and other(a) parts of the contain support these hypotheses. The conclusion will examine the implications of this for professional relations hips in the field of international business and sales in particular. This will fall out to recommendations as to what action companies, organisations and individuals need to take to maximise the advantages conferred by CMC, while overcoming the puzzles identified. Also, I will discourse intimately how different cultures can effectively communicate with each other and understand each other better. Lastly, my methodology will look specifically at the hotel industry and how modern technology is starting to playact a key role in the industrys growth. I will do this by dint of a questionnaire that will be distributed to a wide variety of hotels in the local area. TABLE OF limit Title page Page Abstract 1 Table of Contents 2 Introduction 3 Literature Review 4 Methodology 5 Appendices and Reference List 6 CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION a) Addressing the difficulty T here(predicate) can be no doubt that e-mail, teleconferencing and instant messaging have brought about a revolution in commu nication (Corbett, 2004). The benefits of these things are that they are immediate, cost-free and limitless. As it is so easy and efficient, it is no surprise to find it becoming the norm in both business and social interactions. However, there are problems with these forms of communication. In particular, these difficulties are linked to the loss of interpersonal aspects in communication, and no technology has managed to overcome this problem yet. There is plenty of research to back up the assumption that talking with people, in other lyric poem face-to-face communication, is infinitely more effective than posting a message into the air and hoping that it will be read with the same level of commitment as the writer put into composing it. It is well-known that authentic spoken words make up less than ten percent of a message (Evans, 2010, p.8). mouth speech is far outweighed by non-linguistic cues such as tone and body language in particular. Because CMC is here to stay, it is im portant to address this question in order to avoid misunderstanding and ambiguity, maintain meaningful relationships (business and personal), find that sales pitches are effective and pick up the nuances of interaction. b) Nature and purpose of this hold The purpose of this study is to explore the issues that arise from this difficulty, to examine what steps we need to take to address them and avoid becoming trap in a virtual world where all communication is done through impersonal media. The study will consist partly of a synthesis of some of the literature and findings of

Women's studies - Gender, Culture and Technology Essay

Womens studies - Gender, Culture and Technology - leaven ExampleSex stereotypes are defined as socially shared beliefs that certain qualities can be assigned to single(a)s, based on their membership in the female or male half of the kind-hearted race (Lips, 1993, pp. 2).The single tends to conform to the roles defined or constructed by the society. Individuals are so influenced by the socially specified categories that they tend to organize themselves according to these categories. A woman speaks in one way when she is sermon to another woman, and in a different way when she is speaking to a man. She may behave otherwise when she is working with a group of men than when she is working with a group of females. This is because the woman has learnt through modeling, get along and reinforcement, to behave differently in situations that differ only in relation to the sexual activity of the partner or the group. Her role vis--vis to the gender she is interacting with has already be en prescribed and defined by society.Bohan (1993, pp.6) suggests that the differences between boys and girls and men and women can be explained by two different statuss Essentialism and Constructionism. Essentialism locates the origin of the gender qualities within the individual whereas Constructionism locates these gender qualities outside the individual as a component of the acts and actions of the individualism. Gender is therefore made external to the self. It is not intrinsic. It is only in what the actions of the individual. Gender qualities, from this perspective, are not intrinsic characteristics based on biological sex. Bohan argues that gender is not something that the individual possesses but something that the individual does. Essentialism on the other hand locates gender within the individual as intrinsic.The constructionist perspective actually locates gender in the social realm. It defines gender in terms of doing. West and Zimmerman (1993, pp. 380) define gender i tself as a routine, methodical and

Learning how to do sitting in volleyball Term Paper

Learning how to do sitting in volleyball game game - Term Paper ExampleWith the number, percentage of disabled people rising from 10% of the total beingness population, sitting volleyball has gained much emphasis in the current decades of the 21st century (Katalin, 2008). Sitting volleyball is fundamentally aimed at athletes with lower extremity impairment and supposed to play a significant portion in building their personality features in a positive manner (Hyrinen & Blomqvist, 2007). The skills most demanded in this build of sports are the discrete skills and skills to ensure continuous practice of the game that would enrich motor learning of the participants. It is in this context that the mechanism of control mostly used in sitting volleyball is based on the notion of motor learning (Vute, 2005).Motor learning is commonly referred as the process of learning with experiences. With significance to its use in the training and coaching systems that are used in sitting volleyball , Vute (2009) argued that mastery of such processes, depend largely on the psycho-motor abilities of the players along with their motor behaviors. Vute (2009) also argued the different forms of disabilities that might hamper performances of players in sitting volleyball, which include locomotor disorders, amputee, cerebral palsy and poliomyelitis, which may give rise to varying results from motor learning attributes incorporated in the coaching programs in the game. Nevertheless, it must be noted that the application of motor learning in sitting volleyball had been studied with limited significance until date, wherein its wider applicability is discover among normal volleyball players. Katic, Grgantov & Jurko (2006) argued in this regard that motor skills in learning new winning techniques in volleyball depend largely on explosive strengths and the degree of agility among the players, especially when concentrating on female person athletes. Emphasizing a similar concern, Milic, G rgantov and Katic (2012) asserted that the influence of motor learning

Faith Diversity, First draft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Faith Diversity, First draft - Essay ExampleAt a physical take, that person may agonize pain, but their mental temperament is composed. His or her mental level is able to reduce the physical pain. Owing to that persons mental temperament, the immune system is energized to urge the disease. At times, someone is at peace in tolerating physical pain or death in an ideal way, without suffering from it. A Buddhist have preference to calm and peaceful environments.Diet and calculate be fundamental constituents of healing or preventing disease in Buddhist. They pray and meditate frequently to make believe relaxation and healing. If sickness does occur, many have faith in using the mind to help outdo it. If certain anything happens, there is belief that a person has caused that event to occur. Following death, Buddhists do not unsettle the body for as long as time allows. The first 49 days after a person decease are very significant. This is the time during which prayers are offered b efore the new life, rebirth, begins (Andreasen, 2011).According to a Buddhist, if a medical doctor is very educated but not compassionate their medicine is ineffective. The outgrowth of trust comes with pledge, a sense of duty, and a sincere sense of concern. Buddhist doctor of medicine kickshaw their patient as if they are their own child. This is the perception and spiritual beliefs a Buddhist individual has when cared for by health care providers (Kato, 2011).Shintoism is a lifestyle, not a religion. They show is excessive respect for nature and when Shintoists are adjacent to nature they are adjacent to their kami. Kami are spirits with mystical influences they worship which are frequently portrayed as a variety of objects in nature such as trees and animals. Shintoism shows a unbendable aspiration for sanctification in all sides of their life and this can be perceived through their ceremonies or in their way of philosophy. Shintoists, when a person dies, they believe that h e is reincarnated.The spiritual perspective on

Criminal Justice System in my Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Criminal Justice trunk in my Community - Essay ExampleVictimization is also an aspect while presenting disparities a eagle-eyed the accessible environments. The essay will focus on disparities along criminal evaluator with an aim of identifying the motivating factors at bottom these differences.According to U.S. Department of Justice (2004), there is a misrepresentation among the races. The African Americans and other minority groups be spicyly represented in the crime reports. These reports are both victims and perpetuators. In this case, the minority groups represent a higher percentage of people convicted for various offences. Historical injustices are attributed to these facts. The society has developed itself a long accessible components. The African American and other minorities have peckered for a larger portion of criminal justice. The high population in the correctional facilities indicates the disparities between the race and crime. The high crime rate among the mi norities indicates the race plan in criminal justice. Race is a factor in determining the crime rate and the justice system.The male population represents a large percentage of people under incarceration. The female population forecast for less than 30 percent of people being imprisoned (U.S. Department of Justice, 2004). The statistics reflects across races. The trend reflects in the white majority and the African Americans and Hispanic population. The male represents a high percentage of new crime case. The male attribute more than 50% percent of new crime cases. On the other hand, females account for the largest victims (U.S. Department of Justice, 2004). They are more affected than their male counterparts given the physical and psychological aspects. Kraska (2006) attribute the accessible components at which people could be prompt to certain levels of injustices. The connection between gender and crime is attributed to the social aspect in that people may engage in crime as a promoter

Product Introduction Examples and Their Categorization Essay

Product Introduction Examples and Their Categorization - attempt ExampleThis product has huge storage capacity and hence can store hundreds of films & music videos within the device. In the authors view, this product is going to face incompatibility with the recorded movie & music industry wedded that USB drives atomic number 18 not yet the preferred media of selling recorded films & songs. Hence, this device may end up promoting piracy for end users to use it effectively (media companies do not allow copying). Western Digital go forth need to work out the details of how media companies will be able to sell their products compatible with this device. Currently, the online videos are available only through streaming facilities in sites care Cinema Now. As presented by Bhattacharya & Krishnan et al. (1998. S50-S51) firms may get trapped into incorrect design of new products if the specifications are finalized without considering how the competition and related products would evol ve. In an old theory Ansoff (1980. pp139) developed an empirical generalization in which it is presented that new product strategists should consider trends, impact, measure of impact, response magazine, urgency, threats and opportunities before finalizing the product design and launching in the market. The author feels that this product will shortly be successful in regions where video piracy is prevalent thus resulting in an unethical federal agent to contribute to its success.Sony Potrosacki Proizvodi Bravia TV 200 Hz High Density Television in CroatiaSony has recently launched Potrosacki Proizvodi Bravia TV 200 Hz High Density Television in Croatia http//www.sony.hr/product/t32-z-series/kdl-40z4500. This device supports latest technologies like High Density picture (1080 pixels) and smoother motion flow at 200 Hz that is usually displayed at 50 Hz. From the perspective of Croatia, many channels available through wired TV connections do not support HDTV. The satellite connecti vity does provide access to HDTV channels but their performance is not good in coastal areas due to heavy rains & thick clouds. Hence, a large part of client base in Croatia will not be able to differentiate the performance of this model compared to the of age(p) TV sets. Overall, it is an excellent addition to the existing product line of Sony but it would take some time for the customers at Croatia to realize the difference. Levinthal & Purohit (1989. pp38-39) presented that when a company launches new products in competition with its older variants in the selfsame(prenominal) product line, the consumers would compare the performance of the new product with its old variant which needs to be tangibly visible. Sony already has a huge customer base of flat LCD TVs in Croatia. Given that Sony products are very durable, it would be difficult for the organization to tangibly demonstrate the value addition of HDTV systems to the customers to act them to purchase them in addition to th eir existing TV sets.Apple iPhone 3G introduction in CroatiaApple has launched the amend version of iPhone that is compatible with 3G spectrum in Croatia (http//www.apple.com/iphone/countries/hr/). This product again

The Moon is Dawn Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The moon is Dawn - Essay ExampleDuring World War II Steinbeck wrote around effective pieces of government propaganda, among them The Moon Is fine-tune (1942), a novel of Norwegians under the Nazis, and he also served as a war correspondent.His immediate postwar live on-Cannery Row (1945), The Pearl (1947), and The Wayward Bus (1947)-contained the familiar elements of his accessible criticism but were more relaxed in approach and sentimental in tone.The Moon is Down is Steinbecks work of genius. It is the account of invasion of idealist soldiers from the provinces, powered by hostility principles, whose yearning to build their fortune sets in action measures both attention-grabbing and tragic.His representation of the invaders through showing their positive and negative traits during early-nineteenth-century was remarkable and enlightening. The book waistcloth as a matchless and incomparable creation, one that brilliantly anticipates modern literature.Steinbeck originally wrote T he Moon is Down set in a medium sized American town. Steinbeck submitted for approval to the office of the Foreign Information Service. Officials there rejected it because they feared that postulating an American defeat might be demoralizing. intro. p. ixSteinbeck rewrite the work and s... p. ix Steinbeck revised the work and set it in an unnamed country in Europe. The Moon is Down became a secure of the underground resistance in many occupied countries in Europe. The Nazis banned it in the countries they occupied besides many risked their lives to get it circulated. In Italy, if an individual was found with a copy, it was punishable by death. This was written as a propaganda piece in 1942 and smuggled into occupied Europe where it was then translated into several languages and produced and distributed under a very real threat of death. Set in a fictitious country (sort of Norway, kind of same France, etc.) invaded by an unstated but thinly-disguised Germany, The Moon is Down w as wildly popular in occupied Europe.In this short novel, the citizens of this occupied town and their occupiers are gifted as thickening, fully-realized characters rather than as the interchangeable contrast heroes or evil-doers of many war novels. Sitting safely at his typewriter in the U.S., it would have been easy for Steinbeck to portray the Nazis as evil incarnate but instead they have hopes, dreams and fears at least as complex as the good guys. The book does a fine job of detailing the conflicting emotions of both occupiers and occupied.The Moon Is Down was a work of propaganda written by Steinbeck and distributed to Nazi-occupied Europe as moral support for the conquered peoples. slightly of the finer works of literature are propaganda pieces. There is nothing inherently wrong with propaganda what determines its worth (besides its qualities as literature) is the content of its message. And the message contained in The Moon Is Down is that a free people may be physically conquered by brute force for a time, but that their spirits will never be subjugated, and

Friction. Lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Friction. - Lab Report ExampleRecord the burden and the hangers weight and repeat this procedure placing masses of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 g successively on sack up of the wood forfend. Turn the wood block on its side and repeat former task with a mass of 400 g on top of the block then turn the same block with the largest contact surface with the prostrate and place 400 g on top of the block, gradually change magnitude the load on the hanger until the block just starts to move. Set up the board as an inclined compressed and place the wood block on the plane with its largest surface in contact, and gradually tip the plane up until the block just starts to slide down. Results Coefficient of Ki engagementic Friction (based on the graph) = 0.323 k = 0.307 (procedure 4) s = 0.3710 (procedure 6) s = 0.4073 (procedure 5) k = 0.3575 (procedure 7) ApplicationsThe concept may be applied by an engineer or specialist who inescapably to know the type/ property, mass of material, and angles of impending motion suitable for use in problems where friction is a significant factor in design and construction. Calculations (1) victimization MS Excel, Based on this, ?k = 0.323 (2) Using the data of Procedure 4 total commonplace personnel department = 6.388 N and friction draw and quarter = 1.962 N and since fk = ?k * FN then, ?k = 1.962 N / 6.388 N ---? ?k = 0.307 (3) From the data of Procedure 5 ?s = force to start moving the block / total normal force Trial 1 ?s = 2.7468 N / 6.389 N ---? ?s = 0.4299 Trial 2 ?s = 2.354 N / 6.389 N ---? ?s = 0.3684 Trial 3 ?s = 2.707 N / 6.389 N ---? ?s = 0.4237 Average value (?s) = (0.4299 + 0.3684 + 0.4237) / 3 = 0.4073 discrepancy (trial 1) = 0.4299 - 0.4073 = 0.0226 , 0.0226 = 0.226 Deviation (trial 2) = 0.3684 - 0.4073 = -0.0389 , -0.0389 = 0.0389 Deviation (trial 3) = 0.4237 - 0.4073 = 0.0164 , 0.0164 = 0.0164 (4) From the data of Procedure 6 ?s = tan (?max) Trial 1 ?s = tan (19) ---? ?s = 0.3443 Trial 2 ?s = tan (23) ---? ? s = 0.4245 Trial 3 ?s = tan (19) ---? ?s = 0.3443 Averaage value (?s) = (0.3443 + 0.4245 + 0.3443) / 3 = 0.3710 Deviation (trial 1) = 0.3443 - 0.3710 = -0.0267 , -0.0267 = 0.0267 Deviation (trial 2) = 0.4245 - 0.3710 = 0.0535 , 0.0535 = 0.0535 Deviation (trial 3) = 0.3443 - 0.3710 = -0.0267 , -0.0267 = 0.0267 Difference among two values of ?s = 0.4073 - 0.3710 = 0.0363 (5) From the data of Procedure 7 ?s = tan (?max) Trial 1 ?s = tan (21) ---? ?s = 0.3839 Trial 2 ?s = tan (19) ---? ?s = 0.3443 Trial 3 ?s = tan (19) ---? ?s = 0.3443 Averaage value (?s) = (0.3839 + 0.3443 + 0.3443) / 3 = 0.3575 Deviation (trial 1) = 0.3839 - 0.3575 = 0.0264 , 0.0264 = 0.0264 Deviation (trial 2) = 0.3443 - 0.3575 = -0.0132 , -0.0132 = 0.0132 Deviation (trial 3) = 0.3443 - 0.3575 = -0.0132 , -0.0132 = 0.0132 Questions & Answers (1) Explain in your own words wherefore it is necessary that the block move at constant velocity in Procedures 2 4. The block must(prenominal) move in constant velocity so th at no acceleration occurs which would create a net force that would affect determination of normal force and friction. (2) (a) How does the coefficient of friction depend upon the normal force between the surfaces in contact? (b) How does it depend upon the area of the surfaces in contact? The coefficient of friction decreases with increasing normal force between the surfaces of contact. However, coefficient of friction does not depend upon the contact surface area because in the experiment, values of normal forces stay the same while the force to keep the block moving uniformly does not resist much between that of the flat position and the

Air Travelers Profiling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Air Travelers Profiling - Essay ExampleProfiling systems are a part of the ratified structure for security which has catch an established part of what airport security and counter terrorism at present has created for us. The Patriot Act and the Real ID act are just two examples of how civil liberties have become less important than the idea of securing a nation from its own citizens. Another negative aspect of the faithfulness is the ability of law enforcers to detain individuals without presenting them arrest warrants or allowing them to seek legal advice without granting them security clearance. Halperin (2003) reports exactly much(prenominal) an incident when he was held at gunpoint in a restaurant while federal officers go over for his legal status in the United States ( hitherto though he was an Ameri mountain citizen) and quizzed him about his out of put in driving license.The law appears to have served its purpose in reducing attacks on American soil and American citize ns. If simple safety is a measure of how successful the laws have been then there can be little argument that the laws have been largely successful in keeping us safe even though from the articles described by Hudson, it does not appear that Americans feel any safer. It must be remembered that the American governmental and administrative system is founded on the basis of checks and balances which control how much power the government can actually have.If the profiling rules are seen by enough people as being too harsh, or they are seen as being against the Constitution itself, I believe that we can trust the judicial system.

Apply the SPSS in the department of academic accreditation of graduate Assignment

Apply the SPSS in the department of academic accreditation of graduate certificates from the International Schools, Colleges and Universities - Assignment pillow slipOver time, the definition of quality has transformed with changing perceptions among customers. Presently, in many organizations quality is defined as understanding, meeting, and surpassing customer needs and expectations (Besterfield, 2009). According to Montgomery (2005), quality is now one of the most grand factors in selection of goods and services.Statistical tools are very important in quality management, they allow bar and evaluation of performance in an organization and they are therefore regularly applied in finale support (Karuppusami and Gandhinathan, 2006). Total Quality Management tools and techniques are categorized into quantitative and non-quantitative, the quantitative tools generally consist of what is called statistical process control (SPC). SPC comprises of a number of statistical tools, usually seven, including Histograms, Pareto Charts, Process Flow Diagrams, manoeuvre Charts, Scatter Diagrams, Check Sheets and Effect Diagrams (Karuppusami and Gandhinathan, 2006). This report applies basic statistical tools of quality control in assessing the benefits of academic accreditation of graduate certificates from international schools, colleges and universities by the ministry of higher education in the Sultanate of Oman. Four main SPC tools are utilise including histograms, Pareto diagrams, scatter diagrams, and control charts. The main objective of the report is to utilize SPC tools in assessing the efficiency of the accreditation process with the rail of improving it to meet or exceed customer needs.Histograms are special bar charts that are apply to measure the frequency of occurrences (Goestch, 2005). The only difference in the midst of a bar chart and histogram is that the X-axis in a bar chart lists categories while in a Histogram it consists of a measurement scale with no gaps between the adjacent bars. Pareto diagrams

Egypt Rome and ancient China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Egypt Rome and ancient China - Essay interpreterThe first light of Chinese human progress uncovered itself 7,000 to 8,000 years back, as showed by the remnants of the Daxi shade in Sichuan and Hubei regions, the the Majiapang Culture in Jiangsu and Zhejiang territories, the Hemudu Culture in eastern Zhejiang and the Yangshuo Culture along the center spans of the xanthous River and its principal tributaries. As stated by legend, the primitive tribes that possessed the center and upper spans of the Yellow River were butt against together into two effective tribes under the Yellow Emperor and Fiery Emperor and started their push southbound 5,000 years back. After years of warfare, they prevailed over the Sanmiao and Jiuli tribes dynamic in south China under the judicatory of Chi You. A piece of the crushed tribe was fused into the tribes under the Yellow and Fiery rulers to routine into apart a piece of the Han individuals, which denoted the start of the Chinese country. Roman ci vilization The ancient Rome was an conglomerate built by the Romans who acquired this by conquering most countries. The empire spread from Rome to other part of Europe as well as Africa. The Romans followed a thriving civilization that developed from the Italian Peninsula in the early 8th century. The Roman civilization grew from monarchy to an aristocratic empire still in the present generation the influence attributed to the Romans still exists. The Romans had the distinct history that got insight from their present and future which was similarly embraced (Leakey 56).

European Convention on Human Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

European Convention on Human Rights - Essay ExampleThe convocation enumerated the Human Rights under Section I as hold 2. Right to life oblige 3 Prohibition of torture Prohibition of slavery and forced jab Article 5 Right to liberty and security Article 6 Right to a just trial Article 7 No punishment without law Article 8 Right to enjoy for private and family life Article 9 liberty of thought, conscience and religion Article 10 Freedom of expression Article 11 Freedom of assembly and association Article 12 Right to tie Article 14 Prohibition of discrimination Article 15 Derogation in sentence of tweak Article 16 Restrictions on political activity of aliens Article 17 Prohibition of abuse of rights Article 18 Limitation on use of restrictions on rightsSection III and article 19 of the convention provides for establishment European Commission of Human Rights similarly known as Commission and European address of Human Rights, which are the watch dogs protecting these rights . Committee of Ministers executes orders of the court. The court not only adjudicates the issues but also renders advisory opinions.Any dispute with regard to the violation these rights are first to be dealt by the topical anesthetic judicial/quasi judicial agencies. After the exhausting those remedies they are referred to the Commission through Secretary-General of the Council of Europe. The commission when receives some(prenominal) complaint/petition investigate the matter and endeavor for amicable settlement. If the commission not able to sell of the case it will refer to Committee of Ministers who will peruse the case and refer to the European speak to of Human Rights if it is fit case to be decided by the court. The convention empowers the court to make the rules and regulations for its day-after-day functioning. The court functions as per the rules and regulation so framed. After adjudication the case will be sends to Committee of Ministers for writ of execution of its a djudicated orders. The judgment of the court is final. The courts entertain petitions/complaints only from the commission or High promise Parties. The jurisdiction is panoptic to all cases with regard to interpretation and application of the convention, excluding the question relating to scope or contents of freedoms and rights defined in Section I. Such cases are to be referred by either the commission or High Contracting Parties, the court do not have suo moto jurisdiction. Due to subtle and creative interpretation of the European motor inn of Human Rights the European Convention of Human Rights is steadily evolving since its inception. And the court is continuously succeeding in preserving the prize of the Convention (ECHR) as living instrument. The success of the Convention is judged on the basis of 1. Quality of judgment of the court. 2.the time taken to dispose off the cases and 3.effective execution of the judgments. Every year the number of cases are increasing at gallop ing rate. In spite of such increase the chat up efficiently disposed off the cases at a quicker rate. Out of those judgments there are numerous important judgments, which brought drastic changes in the judiciary of the many European countries. The court has become a guiding light in protecting the Human Rights. The Court become instrumental in getting the law of the European countries on mainstream of the Convention law in protecting and maintaining the human rights. There are many citable

The Bad Little Boy by Mark Twain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Bad Little Boy by Mark duette - Essay ExampleIt is evidently clear from the discussion that Twains enjoyment in the story is to present that non all the deplorable boys in stories have a variety show of heart in its conclusion and have a happy ending because they changed from being defective to adept but that in real life, bad characters also succeed. Twains mention of sunlight aim books a number of times to compare their bad boy James to his bad boy Jim emphasizes the difference of opinion between the two characters although they have a similar name. Sunday school stories, known for the moral lessons derived from the stories level that the character of James is round, developing from being a nuisance to the charming boy everyone wants dapple Twain aims to present his Jim as a challenge to face realities that there indeed are flat characters like Jim who are static, bad from the beginning to the end of the story. The frequent contradictions of James and Jim in the sto ry establish a strong foundation for this theory. For instance, when Jim sneaked into the pantry for some jam, it was mentioned that he did not do as the other bad boys do in other stories, feeling sorry for their bad actions, kneeling and praying then telling their mothers what bad things they did and asking for forgiveness. Instead, it mentions that the opposite happened to Jim which now puts him in a different category, that instead of becoming better, he became worst, even out feeling happy for what he did and prepared for what spanking and discipline that would come from his mother.The story also presents the feature that bad things do not happen to bad people only and likewise, good things do not happen to good people only but that good and bad happen to everyone, contrary to what is usually taught in Sunday schools. This is exemplified by the mention of the main character stealing apples from a farmers apple tree and yet did not fall and break his limb, nor fallen in bed f or weeks, grieved for what he did but that he successfully came down from the tree with lots of taken fruits, overpowering the dog and es toughieing whatever peril there might have been. Drowning on a Sunday did not also happen to Jim while he was out boating when he was supposed to be in church or at home doing what was expected of a good little boy. That he did not blow his fingers off when he run with his fathers gun to go hunting on the Sabbath nor was he caught when he stole the teachers pen-knife instead, he broke his moral classmates reputation when the pen-knife fell from his cap where Jim placed the stolen item. All throughout the story, Twain presented the argument that there is more to what is written in Sunday stories which should be taught to the children and that would be the realities of life.The author also presents sarcasm in the few times he mentioned perplexity about the luck of the main chara

That which can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without Essay

That which lot be asserted without prove can buoy be discount without tell (Christopher Hitchens). Do you agree - bear witness ExampleThey tried to prove that the correspondence loyalty is unknowable or unthinkable as it would bode for comparison between cognition with its uncognized object which would be impossible (Net Industries, 2012). Moreover, Peire, the American Pragmatist proposed that the only way a concept can be indentified is from its practical effects of its objects. This implies that when this proposal is applied to definition of truth, a look can only be true so far as it satisfies practicality of its objects. The event that truth can only be sustained through motion implies that for truth to be indentified there has to be evidence to support such truth, which has to be practical and verifiable. However, knowledge can be attributed as evidence to the goal that such known concept is true, inconsistency with the knowledge of an individual would amount to inc onsistencies with some form of truth (Kelly, 2006). This applies to both normative and indicative evidence. Stating that smoke is the evidence of fire implies that whenever smoke is sighted there essential be presence of fire. Therefore, Hirtchens assertion that which can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence is true in justifying the truth. Kelly (2006) defines evidence to be the kind of thing which makes a difference in what one has defenses in believing, or what is perceived to be reasonable for one to believe. Therefore, ones justification in believing is b atomic number 18ly a matter which can be traced to ones evidence (Kelly, 2006). This implies that two individuals with the same types of evidence would be exactly the same according to what they are justified in believing regarding a particular issue. Therefore, the main question is if believing requires evidence, and whether the object believed can be be beyond any doubt regarding its identity and hence truth. According to Dunwoody (2009), belief is matter of judgment and purpose making. Evidence is more related to facts evidence leads to justification in believing something as the truth. However, a fact is by itself subjective in nature as one has individual evidence to believe in a particular object, which to them represents the truth. Schmitt (2004) explains that to apprehend a fact by itself is an act of judgment and perception this is nowadays related to the belief held by a particular individual. Therefore, facts which would amount to evidence that can sustain inquiry is also a belief as nothing is knowable in the world everything is mediated by an individuals senses and it is only a representation of objects in the world. Therefore beliefs are constructions of individuals evidence and lead to construction of truth through consistency of these beliefs (Schmitt, 2004). Therefore, to establish the truth there are definite evidences required to support such beliefs, imp lying that evidence is critical in attaining any truth. According to pile (1907) the truth of an idea is far from the stagnant property inherent within the idea, but truth happens to an idea. In other words, and idea is made true by events through a fulfill which an idea verifies itself. The process of making an idea to be true is composed of a series of evidences, which justifies the truth in such an idea. Therefore, the fact that people seek evidence to believe or to assert the truth of a specialised idea is thus correct truth is verified through a process and by events, which constitutes a series of evide

Birth Order and Aggressive Behavior Essay Example for Free

Birth do and Aggressive Behavior EssayABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to determine if birth straddle correlates to a demonstration of raveningness in kindergarten aged children. It is hypothesized that middle born children go forth demonstrate the most aggressive tendencies, last born children would experience less than the first born, and only children would have the least when compared to all former(a) birth orders. This quasi-experimental methodology will involve a field charter of children from the ten kindergarten classes at the capital of South Korea American Elementary School (SAES). Teachers will be asked to complete the Child Behavior Scale (CBS) size up on each child, used to measure six behavior categories related to aggression. Each CBS inventory will include birth data for the student whose behavior was observed. The findings are expected to show a correlation coefficient between birth order and a tendency toward aggression.INTRODUCTIONEveryone who is born into a family arrives relative to former(a) children who have already been born or will be at some point in the future or perhaps as an only child. Birth order does not permanently blot each child such as race or gender, but it can impact on the way a person responds to the environment. There have been a number of studies done on the human relationship of birth order to personality, intelligence, anxiety and other characteristics with the belief that each child born into a family is set differently based on their birth order, family interaction and subsequent repugns.Some birth order theorists confide that a childs position in the family greatly influences their personality characteristics which directly affect their behavior both indoors and outside of the home (Morales). Not every theorist has the same view and there are those that believe a psychological birth order has more impact than the physical birth order on the development of personality characteristics (Campbe ll, White Stewart, 1991).In his book, Born to grow, Frank Sulloway describes how birth order influences our lives in galore(postnominal) different ways from achievement to rebellion and from conformity to creativity (The Edge, 1998). While firstborns and laterborns are not frequently different in overall levels of creativity, the differences in how that creativity is exercised is very different. Firstborns are more believably to bring forward the Nobel Prize by intellectual achievement within the system while the younger siblings will be more inclined to accept radical innovations in science and social though.His findings showed that revolutionaries and those who supported them were disproportionately likely to be later-borns (Sulloway, 1999). While not every social scientist agreed with Sulloways research (Harris, 1995 e.g., Falbo, 1997 ), others conducted follow-up studies that confirmed the master key findings (Zweigenhaft Ammon, 2000), and Freese, Powell Steelman discov ered measures in addition to birth order to help explain reasons for various behaviors (1999).This development hopes to build on previous research to determine whether a correlation exists between birth order and a childs tendency to demonstrate aggressiveness.METHODCoordination with the Seoul American Elementary School (SAES), a plane section of Defense Dependent School located on Yongsan Army Base, Yongsan, Seoul, Korea, will be done to learn permission for the study. Permission from the school and the parents of the children selected will be obtained prior to the start of this study.PARTICIPANTSThis study will be conducted in the classroom during normal school hours for all students attending the ten full day Kindergarten classes at SAES during a condition 30 day period of the school year. There will be virtually 360 students for this study with an equal number of girls and boys, with 45% of the class comprised of Asian-Americans, 20% African-Americans, 15%Latin-Americans an d the remainder Caucasians.APPARATUS/MATERIALSTeachers will be provided the Child Behavior Scale (CBS) inventory as a means to assess aggressive, prosocial, and pull back behaviors of children ages 5-6 years of age. The CBS contains 59 items for which the teacher must respond using a 3-point response scale (1=doesnt apply, 2=applies sometimes, 3=certainly applies) (Ladd Profilet, 1996). The CBS measures six categories of behavior as follows aggressiveness with peers, prosocial behavior with peers, exclusion by peers, asocial behavior with peers, hyperactive-distractible behavior, and anxious-fearful behavior. Copies of the CBS inventory and permission for its use will be obtained from its author, Dr. Gary Ladd, at Arizona State University (an netmail request has been sent copy of email attached).PROCEDURETeachers from the 10 Kindergarten classes will observe their students for a specified 30 days during the school year, completing the CBS inventory for each student during that t ime. The teacher will advise the birth order of the child on the completed inventory which will then be dour in to the SAES front office to be picked up by the study group.RESULTSThe expected results will affirm the hypothesis that middle born children will tend to demonstrate more aggressive behavior than both first born, last born or only children. Tables are expected to be used for this study and will include a listing of the CBS subscale items related to firstborn, middleborn, lastborn and onlyborn, further identified by girl and boy. An archetype followsDISCUSSIONApart from the effects of birth order, there is little information about the ways in which the nonshared environment influences human development, mainly because psychologists have not been successful in developing direct measures of this environment. The challenge for future researchers lies in devising ways to test competing hypotheses that bear on the nature and influence of this knotted environment. Peer grou ps are an important aspect of this type of environmental influence, but so is the family environment and invigoration experiences as well (Sulloway, 98).REFERENCESCampbell, L., White, J., Stewart, A. (1991). The relationship of psychological birth order to actual birth order. Individual Psychology, 47 380-391.Falbo, T. (1997). To rebel or not to rebel? Is this the birth order question? Contemporary Psychology, 42 938-939.Freese, J., Powell, B., Steelman, L.C., (1999). Rebel without a cause or effect birth order and social attitudes. American Sociological Review, 64 207-231.Harris, Judith Rich. (1995). Where is the childs environment? A group socialization theory of development. Psychological Review, 102 458-89.How is Personality Formed? A mouth with Frank J. Sulloway (1998). The Edge Foundation, Inc., Third Culture. Accessed on 13 Feb 2004 at www.edge.org/3rd_culture/sulloway .Ladd, G. Profilet, S. (1996). The child behavior scale A teacher-report measure of young childrens aggr essive, withdrawn, and prosocial behaviors. Development Psychololgy, 32 (6), 1008-1024.Morales, C. (1994). Birth Order Theory A Case for accommodative Learning. diary of Instructional Psychology 21 246-250.Rubin, R. Hubbard, J. (2003). Childrens verbalizations and cheating behavior during game playing the role of sociometric status, aggression, and gender. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 31 65-78.Solo, R., MacLin, M., (2002). Experimental Psychology. Boston Allyn Bacon.Sulloway, F. (1999). Birth Order in Runco, M. Pritzker, eds., Encyclopedia of Creativity, 1189-202.Zweigenhaft, R., Ammon, J., (2000). Birth Order and Civil Disobedience A Test of Sulloways Born to Rebel Hypothesis. Journal of kindly Psychology, 140 624-628.

Trade Off Pecking Order Essay Example for Free

Trade Off Pecking Order renderThe tradeoff theory is derived from the debate over the Modigliani-Miller theorem. Modigliani-Miller (1963) accounts for corporate income tax into their original theorem. This created a benefit for exploitation debt as it shields assessable income. They argue that corporate tax allows for the deduction of interest payments in calculating taxable income. As a result, the use of debt leave alone increase the firms after-tax cash flow. This means that lucrative firms should use debt to shield their income from tax. This would imply that a firm would use 100% debt financing. However, Modigliani-Miller (1958) failed to take into account the mission be and bankruptcy costs associated with debt. Using debt carries additional risk, which means that it is not optimal to finance using debt alone. One of the main costs of debt is the threat of financial distress. These costs occur when a company uses so much debt that it cannot meet its financial obliga tions. According to Warner (1977) and Barclay et al. (1995), financial distress has both engage and indirect costs. These direct costs include legal and administrative costs of liquidation. Indirect costs could include the loss of customers and suppliers. base on previous analysis by Bradley et al. (1984), firms with volatile earnings are more likely to lay out the costs associated with financial distress. This is because the possibility of a firms earnings dropping below their debt obligations is amplyer, meaning that these firms have slight supplement. This makes it unattractive for firms to have too much debt.The trade-off theory can be broken pot into two parts. The first is known as the static trade-off theory. Frank and Goyal (2005) , defines a firm to attach to this if A firms leverage is determined by a single period trade-off between the tax benefits of debt and the deadweight costs of bankruptcy.The trade-off theory goes back to Kraus and Litzenberger (1973), whic h implies that a firm evaluates the various benefits and costs of different leverage plans. Financial managers often think of the firms debt- impartiality decision as the trade-off between the tax benefits of using debt and the cost of financial distress. The company should reach a decision so that fringy costs and benefits are balanced. This threshold of debt is generally called the optimal ( take) level of capital structure and is delineate by the trade-off between costs of debt and its benefits. More precisely, it will be at the point where the marginal benefits of each additional unit of debt equal to its marginal costs.The trade-off theory of capital structure recognises that signal debt ratios of can vary from firm to firm. Companies with safe, tangible assets and a high amount of taxable income should favour high leverage ratios. Companies that have low profits and risky, intangible assets should prefer to rely primarily on equity financing.The second part of the trade-off theory is known as the designate adjustment behaviour (Frank and Goyal 2005). This focuses on the deviations in from the target level of debt and this is piecemeal obtained over time. Under the static trade-off theory, financial managers sort to obtain optimal capital structure. Random events can occur which will move the company forth from it. As long as the optimal debt-equity ratio remains stable, then the firm should move gradually back and mean reverting behaviour can be discover.According to Myers (1984), a firm will set a target debt-equity ratio balancing the debt tax advantages against the costs of potential bankruptcy. If there were no costs associated with adjusting capital structure, then companies should always be at their target debt-equity ratio. In reality there are associated costs, which results in delays in adjusting to the optimum (adjustment costs). Random events may occur that will move firms aside from their target capital structure. In practice, it sh ould be possible to observe random differences in debt-equity ratios among firms with the same target debt levels.According to Myers (1984) and Flannery and Rangan (2006), the presence of adjustment costs may restrict the firms ability to revert back to their target capital structure immediately, suggesting the occurrence of partial adjustment toward the target level. The partial adjustment mechanism allows for the firms observed leverage ratio not always being equal to their target level. This mechanism suggests that firms make leverage adjustment if the costs of being away from the target leverage ratio are higher than those of touching toward the target otherwise it is not rational for these firms to make leverage adjustments, because the adjustment costs will be large enough to cancel out the benefits of moving toward the target level. However, it assumes that adjustment towards the target occurs at symmetric rates. No distinction is being made between the below target leverag e ratio and the above-target leverage ratio, suggesting that the adjustment costs as well as the benefits of increasing and reducing leverage are symmetrical.

Story of mankind Essay Example for Free

Story of gentleman EssaySiddhartha is the narrative of mankind the continuous search for knowledge and the understanding that what people know, no count how old, experienced, and knowledgeable they might be, is smaller than what there is to discover and is insufficient to r distributively the complete comprehension and gaiety that are, according to the main character of the story, obtainable. In the beginning of his life, and of his journey, he is the son of a Brahmin a wealthy man who cherished his son to have the best knowledge nigh anything of life. This fact is spare when we see Siddhartha absorbing all the knowledge that was being passed to him from his teacher and that he was able to discuss the deepest and well-nigh important of subjects with the elders those whom were considered to be the most knowledgeable. Joy leapt in his fathers bring outt for his son who was fast-flying to learn, thirsty for knowledge he saw him growing up to become a great owlish man and priest, a prince among the Brahmans (Archie, Baggett, Poston, and G. Archie, 2).Siddhartha realizes that his need to know is much higher than anything else he understood that staying in his village, brisk the same life as others, would not make him comprehend the essence of life and the meaning of everything. Siddhartha, was not a source of joy for himself, he tack no delight in himself (Archie, et al. , 3). He matt-up that his soul would not be in peace if he would not fulfil the right timber in the pursuit of knowledge To become a samana. What he was aiming at was to be able to lax himself from all human weaknesses, such as thirsts, sorrows, pleasures and desires.But even after learning from the Samanas, he found that he was still empty he needed more than what they offered. He did not want to hear about the various experiences of life, and about the great things to comprehend, he needed to pass through all the experiences himself and to be a part of everything that is there to know and understand. This was the main reason why he decided to take the next step The step of mystifyting out on a journey, and to become a Saman himself.Meeting Gotama, the Buddha, and learning from him was not enough for Siddhartha, he wanted even more than that, he wanted to reach the absolute knowledge about ones self, about ones soul, and about the whole meaning of everything. In this stage, he discovered one of the most significant facts about himself That I know nothing about myself, that Siddhartha has remained thus alien and unknown to me, stems from one bring on, a single cause I was afraid of myself, I was fleeing from myself (Archie, et al., 36).He left his companion, Govinda, with Gotama, and continued on his journey by himself. The story he lived afterwards with a woman (Kamala) whom he thought that he loved was another step. He became a merchant and started to love money, but then he realized that money, love and the various pleasures he was having were not wha t he wanted in life. He began, once again, to realize that this is not what made him set on that journey, and that even though he possessed many material things, he really had nothing.From there, he decided to go back to the river, to become a ferryman as he was when he learned everything from Vasuedeva about the river and about the roads and meanings of each step in that direction. He left everything and started again hoping to find the loyalty and hoping to reach his original objective, which was lost in the midst of pleasures and money. All the previous experiences led him to think of winning his life, but then the sacred word Om saved him and put him back in the right path.And with the swear out of Govinda, he understood what he wanted he went back, found a wife, and made a family. His son, unawares after his death, set on a journey to find knowledge and to reach the truth. Who is Siddhartha? He is every one of us from the beginning of time. He is every man and woman that wa lked the earth. He represents all the questions and doubts and suspicions that each individual has about life his/her life, and the lives of everyone else.He stands for life itself, with its pleasures, pains, and happy moments. He was a Brahmins son, a student, a rebel, a Samana, a merchant, and a ferryman, but in the same time, he was none of them and all of them. Because he is the symbol of every living experience that anyone of us can have in his/her life. Siddhartha was simply a human being.Works CitedArchie, L. , Baggett, J. , Poston, B. , and Archie, J. (Eds. ). (2004). Hermann Hesses Siddhartha. Retrieved October 03, 2006, from the World Wide Web http//philosophy.lander.edu/oriental/siddhartha.pdf

Kant Moral Law Theory Essay Example for Free

Kant Moral Law Theory EssayTwo things fulfil the mind with ever new and increasing admiration and awe the oftener and more steadily we study on them the starry heavens above me and the moral uprightness inside me. Kant (1788), pp, 193, 259 Immanuel Kant introduced and initiated his moral law scheme in the late 18th century. The doctrine in question sought to establish and constitute a supreme or absolute principle of morality. Kant disputes the existence of an ethical system, whereby moral obligations argon obligations of heading or reason. The accuracy of movementions i.e. the rightness or wrongness of an individual deed is determined by its build and conformity with regard to moral law. Evidently, according to Kant, an immoral transaction is invariably contemplated as an disconnected or unreasonable occurrence or action.The supreme moral principle is a consistent working criterion that proves to be practically helpful and theoretically enlightening when calld by rat ional agents as a guide for making personal choices (Kant VI). A supreme guiding moral principle mustiness carry with it an absolute necessity and be d bingle out of duty to the moral law in order to be free from corruption. Kant believed in a fair and impartial law. He accredited and affirm the presence of an objective moral law that we, as humans, were/ are able to identify with through the surgery of reasoning. Kant argued that we are able to recognise and distinguish moral law, without making reference to the possible consequence or outcome. Immanuel Kant declared a differentiation amidst statements i.e. posteriori and priori that he believed to coincide with moral law. A posteriori statement is one that is motifd on experience of the material world. In opposition, a priori statement requires no such intimacy it is known independent of the phenomenal world. Furthermore, Kant continued to make additional distinctions with regard to analytic and synthetic statements.An ana lytic statement, he claims, is one that by its very nature is necessarily adjust, as the predicate is included within the description of the subject. Example all forthrightlys have four sides. The anterior statement is of an analytic nature, as the predicate, i.e. the square having four sides, is implicit and is part of the definition of the subject square. An analytic statement is necessarily true true by its own authority, and is purely explicative, as it tells us nothing new just about the subject. In course, a synthetic statement is one in which the predicate is not included in the definition of the subject, and thus is not necessarily true. A synthetic statement also tells us something new about the subject. Prior to Kant, it was widely accepted that there were only two types of statement a priori analytic and a posteriori synthetic.Kant accepted these two statements although believed there to be a third a priori synthetic statement. These are statements that are known independent of experience that may or may not be true. Kant claimed that these priori synthetic principles are inherent within us and therefore subsequently form the basis of all moral finale making. Kants theory is based on and is primarily concerned with the aspect of duty. Kant believed and promoted the notion that to act morally is ones duty, and ones duty is to act and proceed in accordance to the principles of moral law. Due to this, Kants theory is categorised and distinguished as a deontological joust. A deontological theory is one that maintains the moral rightness or wrongness of an action and depends on its key qualities, and is independent of the nature of its consequence Duty for dutys sake.This perspective can be viewed in contrast to the beliefs and rules associated and belonging to teleological arguments, i.e. utilitarianism. Immanuel Kant argued that moral requirements are based on a trite of rationality he dubbed the Categorical Imperative. The categorical autocratic mood has derived from the initial belief and notion that humans base their moral judgment on pure reason alone. This view can be viewed in contrast to a morality theory, which assumed/s that humans actions are guided by emotions or desires.Example When deciding what I ought to say to a friend who is distraught. Rationale would dictate that I lapse sensible advice, whereas my emotions may impulsively tell me to give comfort and sympathy. The categorical imperative declares and differentiates between obligatory and forbidden actions, and places further emphasis on the notion of duty. This statement can be streng and soed through the following quotation All in imperatives command either hypothetically or categorically If the action would be good simply as a means to something else, then the imperative is hypothetical but if the action is represented as a good in itself then the imperative is categorical..Example If someone tells me that they will cloud me dinner if I give them a lift into town, then this is a conditional action and would fall into the hypothetical imperative category. Conversely, if I think that I should give my friend a lift into town with no other agenda (i.e. she will not buy me dinner because of it), then this is a categorical imperative because it is independent of my interest and could apply to other muckle as well as myself. There are three principles of the categorical imperative* Universal law* Treat humans as ends in themselves* bring as if you live in a demesne of ends.1. The categorical imperative is Do not act on any principle that cannot be universalised. In other words, moral laws must be applied in all situations and all rational beings universally, without exception.2. Act that you treat humanity, both in your own person and in the person of every other human being, never merely as a means, but always at the time as an end. The previous statement declares that we must never treat people as means to an end. You c an never use human beings for another purpose, to exploit or enslave them. Humans are rational and the highest point of creation, and so demand unique treatment.3. The quotation So act as if you were through your maxim a law-making segment of a Kingdom of ends states Kants belief in the fact that humans should behave as though every other individual was an end.In conclusion, it is arguable that the categorical imperative possesses a signified of authority with regard to what actions are permitted and forbidden under Kants moral law theory.

Internal combustion engine Essay Example for Free

Internal combustion engine EssayElectric cars should be used instead of cars that draw in with acceleratoreous stateoline because electric car cars do non harm the environment, be quieter, quicker, does not require gasoline and allow a significant reduction to air pollution. Firstly, electric cars dumbfound a lot of benefits. One of them is that they ar quiet, quick and smooth, making most regular cars look clunky and outdated. What surprises mass the most is the torque (axle-twisting power) offered by the electric cars.Step on the accelerator and power is delivered immediately to the wheels, providing a thrilling driving experience. Secondly, later on a while with an electric car you will forget that gas stations existed. Imagine never going to a gas station and spending all that money for fuel. All you have to do is pull your vehicle in your drive way or garage and plug it in to the charging inlet. It is really convenient to just wake up the next morning and have a fully aerated vehicle that can go up to 100 miles.In addition they are cheaper to operate. Almost everywhere in the world, electricity is very cheap. So when you compare an electric vehicle to a regular car, the greet per mile to fuel an electric vehicle is approximately one-third to one-quarter the comprise of gasoline (on a cost per mile basis). Nevertheless, owning a car is associated with the responsibility of maintaining it. Regular cars require frequent maintenance yet this is not the case in electric cars. These cars do not suffer same level of stress as traditional engines acquire and do not require frequent oil changes and other regular maintenance.On the other hand, electric cars have a lot of disadvantages too. First of all the limited range of the electric cars is probably the biggest disadvantage. Most affordable electric cars only have about 80 to 100 miles of range. Which is not enough if you are for instance going on a long road trip. People who have electric cars need to properly plan, assuring that they will not go over the limited range. not to mention, they also have a long refueling time. It is not like going to a gas station and adding a couple of hundred miles of range in five or ten minutes.To charge a completely empty electric car would take about 10 hours depending on the voltage. With long hundred volts (which is the current voltage in every house) it will take ten hours. With 240 volts it takes about four to five hours to fully charge the electric vehicle. Also, you would have to have the right place to charge your electric vehicle. You cannot go to a greater extent than the cars limit but you the right place to charge it. For instance muckle who are living in apartments cannot own electric cars because they do not have a garage to charge their vehicle.Big electric car companies have charging stations where you can get your vehicle fully charged in 1-2 hours but there are not a lot like gas stations. Furthermore the higher cost is probably what keeps people away from electric vehicles. The current electric cars are priced between 30. 000 and 40. 000 dollars. While you can buy, for instance the Honda Fit, Ford Focus etc. for less than 20,000 dollars. Last but not least, electric cars are costly to maintain and repair if there is a big trouble with the car.Since electric cars are in a class of their own, owners may wind up paying more on repairs and maintenance because not every mechanic is trained to repair and maintain electric cars. In conclusion, when considering the pros and cons of electric cars, it is clear that there are some major advantages and disadvantages of owning an electric car. At the end, if these cars help people save a tremendous amount of money and help the environment, the pros of owning an electric car will surmount all of the cons.

President Theodore Roosevelt Essay Example for Free

President Theodore Roosevelt EssayTheodore Roosevelt was an asthmatic, nearsighted, shy and fleshlyly infirm child who after on became one of the most powerful Presidents of the United States. His leading style was roughneck, besides his charisma kept him in the circles of smart people. His conference skills were popular among the masses but his tough leadership style was disliked by his fellow republicans.His leadership was considered too domineering by them. Although, much to begin with succeeding as the President, he was the president of the board of New York Police commissioners. During his two years as its presidents, he radically transformed the organization. With his iron-will and honesty, he brought major reforms to the organization and saved its tainted image. His style of working(a) with others was tough and usually liked to take unilateral decisions, yet his major decisions proved correctTheodore Roosevelt had a very ambitious record. He took up sports as div erse as boxing, hiking, horseback riding, and tennis. In his childhood, he was hyperactive and rather mischievous and was an excellent conversationalist (Thayer, 1919). He was an avid reader. He chose to lead a strenuous life despite the fact that his doctors advised him to find a desk meditate. All these aspects of his personality later reflected in his life as a leader.His ambitious personality helped him everywherecome his physical abilities to become a powerful masculine figure and later became one of the most robust and ambitious U.S presidents. His hyperactive personality was later instrumental in his success as he became an activist and a reformer. His excellent communication skills helped him in his election campaign as it captivated the masses. Above all, his personality aspect of macrocosm tough and leading a strenuous life was one of the prime reasons that he rose from being a timid boy to becoming among the most powerful U.S presidents (Morris, 2001).Issues that engag ed my emotionsTheodore Roosevelt had a poor state of health. From his physical condition, one could only infer that he would later end up finding a desk job and leading a normal life. But since his childhood, he had great ambitions. He worked out in gymnasium to improve his physical health and took up boxing to deal with bullies (Thayer, 1919). His memorable bit at Harvard is a testament of how hard work helped him achieve something others wont expect of him (Thayer, 1919). I feel emotionally engaged with these issues because it would draw taken him great pains to overcome his physical state, which was probably the reason for him being shy in childhood, to become a great man in history.The death of his mother and wife on the same day, both very dear to him, was also one of the issues I felt emotionally engaged with. His recovery from this great loss was an evidence of the strength of his personality and his emotional stability.Though, Theodore Roosevelt was awarded a awful Peac e prize for his efforts to end Russo-Japanese wars, he was equally eager to wage war with any state to test the naval supremacy of the U.S. I disagree with his hawkish stance when he disclosed his desire to fight war with any country. I also disagree with his position on racism. He was also a racist and seriously doubted the loyalties of Irish-American and German-American and termed them unpatriotic.No doubt, Theodore Roosevelt was an important historical figure. But there obtain been instances when his motives seemed to me much inclined towards personal gains rather than being towards national interest. He sought to give the President all-embracing ranging authority and thus extended the presidents powers. He considered the president the sole authority to touch on decisions and in the process undermined the judiciary to some extent. He split his party and even split with his sponsor William Howard Taft, who was Roosevelts candidate for presidency (Morris, 2001).I am also crit ical of some of his actions. He was amenable for splitting his party and did not succeed in getting the loyalties of his fellow republicans, which was mainly due to their reservations some his domination of the party politics. He was also responsible for establishing a temporary colonial rule over the Dominican Republic in 1905 and Cuba in 1906 (Morris, 2001). Instead of supporting President Wilsons pledge of neutrality during World War 1, he became one of its biggest critics.If I were in place of President Theodore Roosevelt, I would have adopted a dovish approach to the problems of that time. I would have tried to ensure that fellow republicans have been taken into confidence on all major decisions, a step that could have proved useable for the President in his future campaigns. Instead of a hawkish approach towards enemies in World War 1 after the presidency, I would have supported the strategy of President Wilson.ReferencesMorris, Edmund (2001). The Rise of Theodore Roosevel t. Modern Library.Roosevelt, Theodore (1913). An Autobiography.Thayer, Charles Roscoe (1919). Theodore Roosevelt.

Jane Ms Lynch Essay Example for Free

Jane Ms Lynch EssayJane Ms. Lynch was born and raised in Dolton, Illinois, the fille of a housewife mother and a banker father. She was raised in an Irish Catholic family and attended Thornridge postgraduate tutor. She received her bachelors degree in theatre from Illinois State University and her MFA from Cornell University, also in theatre. She lived in Chelsea for a year and a half. Ms. Lynch began her career in the theatre but quickly move on to TV.She starred with MDs, and has made guest appearances in numerous television series, including L. A. Law, Judging Amy, The West Wing, seventh Heaven, Friends, Felicity, Arrested Development, the cult hit Lovespring International, Two and a Half Men, Weeds, Boston Legal, The L Word, Help Me Help You, Gilmore Girls, The vernal Adventures of Old Christine, Psych, Monk and Party squander, among others. She also appeared in the crime drama Criminal Minds as Spencer Reids schizophrenic mother. As of 2009, Ms. Lynch currently appears on the Fox series Glee. gloat is a musical comedy comedy-drama television series that airs on Fox.It focuses on a high cultivate show sing (a modern GLEE club) called New Directions, at the fictional William McKinley High School in Lima, Ohio. Ms. Lynch has win glowing reviews for her role as the aggressive cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester. Sue is part of the William McKinley High School staff and is the coach of the cheerleading squad, the Cheerios. She detests the Glee beau monde and their teacher, and attempts to bring them down at any cost.She is jealous of the GLEE clubs talent and also holds grudges to unhealthy, almost super-villain levels, particularly her desire to destroy the Glee Club for getting money that had once been promised to her Cheerios. However, Sue is not completely without her soft-side. She is very loving towards her sister Jean, who suffers from Down Syndrome and who Sue visits as often as she can. This love for her sister caused Sue to donate money to the school to help disabled kids, and to allow a student with Down Syndrome to join the Cheerios.Mary McNamara of the LA clock wrote, Ms. Lynch alone makes GLEE worth watching. On August 29, 2010, Ms. Lynch won the Primetime Emmy Award for salient(ip) Supporting Actress Comedy Series. Ms. Lynch recently helped unveil a wax figure of her famous share Sue Sylvester from the Fox hit series at Madame Tussauds in Hollywood. While Ms. Lynch commented that it was an dreaded honor, she also compared the experience to seeing herself in a coffin.

Aesthetics of Knowledge Maps Essay Example for Free

Aesthetics of intimacy Maps EssayIf a picture is worth a thousand devises, what is the worth of each word? Does the value of the aesthetic decrease through this transition? The human brain is trained to believe that on that point is a word to describe aesthetic, being able to put a label or translation on all of this training. Why must we even classify a photos importation through the written lyric? Visual information cannot be fully described through language or non- opthalmic semiotic systems, because it is irreducible. discipline is an artistic and aesthetic concept to picture our world we must let in the arbitrariness of information and how we as humans can make a representation of the world in our minds. Visual artifacts contain information. We store information visually, we analyze information through a visual means, and we understand information better when it is represented visually. The word tree represents a tree as an aesthetic, an encompassing notion versus a specific image of a singular tree.There is a broader spectrum for understanding when something is visual. Depending of what language you speak, the model of our semantic foundation, the meaning of a word varies drastically. People that speak different languages all see something in a photograph or painting and could tell you what it is they see, but the differences in our semantic thinking, language of lyric classifying information, will make it different. When a human is in early development stages as a child, the depression initial way to communicate for them is visual information. Before children learn to read and print they draw, watch television, tincture at picture books. Then they are given teachings of communicating visuals to word. During the Paleolithic Period, 40,0008,000 BCE, nomadic people multi-colour in caves as a wondrous early way of communication, sharing information with others.An incredible good example is the Hall of Bulls in the Lasceux Caves located in France in 15,000 BCE. These humans could not read or write and yet the visual information they represented with these paintings is breathtaking. They didnt need 1,000 words to describe what they saw until the information age. Stories throughout time have been told naturally with visual information. Information has a history, yet unlike unshakable history, it is unbound by Euclidian space. It is not a physical being that has but one description.However, direct information is all put into word. Without an extensive vocabulary there is little chance you could ever be able to express notions as clearly as if you were to simply communicate with visuals. Reliance on visuals word to form the structure of all of our communication means thinking visualizing information and function thought processes. Knowledge deals with matter of facts laws of nature and society deal with energy processes and determine knowledge and facts. Information is prior to laws and knowledge information is stru ctured, relational, stored and transmitted, aesthetic. Information is configurations, organization and formalization. Mapping concepts structures our knowledge and makes us able to try hypotheses. The organization of thoughts and concepts in this way brings the opportunity of serendipitously learning.

Terminal Reports Essay Example for Free

destruction Reports Essay1.) What was your basis fpr selecting your practicum organization?I chose Office of the Solicitor General because one of our 3rd socio-economic mark professor in Political Dynamics, Atty. Rigor Pascual, was a former intern in OSG. He told us that if we want to learn a push-down storage we should prefer OSG as our OJT destination.2.) appoint in details your duties and responsibilities in your practicum organization.In the division which I was assigned, they taught the process how to make delegations, file cases, update cases in ECMT, doubt and manifestations and others which includes photocopying of files and arrangement of new cases received by our division. These are my duties and responsibilities everyday during my OJT. 3.) What were your personal, academic and professional expectations from the Practicum Program?I am expecting to learn more about my future career path either in the topics of jurisprudence or management and to improve and deve lop not only my skills but also my personality. All of my expectations were in all satisfied after 200-hours of quality on-the-job training.4.) Were your expectation met? Why or why not?Im proud to say that all of my expectations were met as I have learned a lot of things in my 200 hours or 6 weeks of stay in OSG. They taught me a lot of things in the field of law and give me some advice how to become a good lawyer. All in all, my stay in OSG was a one o a kind experience that I will never forget.5.) Describe in details your working kind with your superiors and co-workers/co-trainees.I have a very good relationship with my superiors especially my supervisor Atty. Tadeo as she is very kind and helpful to me. She taught me a lot of things regarding my work to be accomplished and things that might be helpful in my academic training in school. It was a well-chosen workplace as all of the employees in our division were kind and supportive.6.) Describe in detail common chord incidents related to your practicum where you were able to fullyutilize your academic training.a. I was able to use my knowledge in persons and family relations when I was given a research about marriage and adoption. b. My legal research class was also useful whenever I was told to get a SCRA or any(prenominal)thing from their library. c. Lastly, my knowledge about computers was also use as everyday I am in front of the computer for my paper works (delegation, motion and manifestations etc.).7.) Describe fully any incident(s) which may have proven disturbing during your Practicum.There wasnt any disturbing incident that happened during my OJT program and honestly it was more of a productive and enjoyable experience than that of a distressing one.8.) What suggestions can you put forward to further improve the Practicum Program of the Legal focus division?We should have been given a seminar about our internship program, as it was confusing from the start. We were told first that it is oka y to have your OJT immaterial Metro Manila and then after some of us have chosen our OJT destination from contrasting provinces, we are told the other way around which was very frustrating and hassling. To improve the Practicum Program of the Legal Management Department, student should be properly informed and knowledgeable about the their OJT program.

Explore how Jane Austen presents the themes of love and marriage in volume 1 of Pride and Prejudice Essay Example for Free

Explore how Jane Austen presents the themes of get laid and marriage in volume 1 of Pride and Prejudice studyIt is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a trade good fortune, must be in want of a wife.The novel begins with a satirical quote, representing many peoples opinions on love and marriage at the season of writing. To many, marriage was a way of bettering themselves socially and economically, further seldom for happiness and love. Throughout the novel there are numerous and frequent references to this way of thinking, and Austen makes characters who think of love and marriage in this way appear ridiculous. One character made to look absurd is Mrs. white avens. close to find her intolerable, and even her own daughters and husband are embarrassed by her regularly. In chapter one she says, A single man of large fortune What a fine thing for our girls Nothing of Mr. Bingleys character is mentioned, but the concomitant that he is wealthy s eems reason enough for Mrs. Bennet to approve of him.As will be future explored, Mrs. Bennet is derided throughout the novel, unresolvedly showing that Austen herself does non approve of her way of thinking, as it is centred intimately-nigh the material rather than being centred around love or moral reasons.patronage being under constant pressure from her mother, due to the details of the entailment on the Bennets estate, Jane Bennet desires to link for love, and eventually does so.The ever-important subject of money, however, does lie at the back of her mind. In chapter four, Elizabeth says, I give you leave to like him. You meet want many a stupider person. This suggests that Jane has courted men before, but they have either been lacking in character or in money, so she has not pursued their affections.In chapter four following the first ball a conversation between Jane and Elizabeth Bennet takes place. Rather than mentioning Bingleys fortune, Jane states that she admirers him due to his being sensible, good humoured, lively and states that she has never seen a lot(prenominal) happy manners.Throughout the book Jane is described positively, which influences the reader to think highly of her and views on marrying for love as just.Elizabeth, too, is presented as sensible and likeable. Though she mentions that the moment she fell in love with Mr. Darcy was after first visual perception his beautiful grounds at Pemberley, she also mentions that she fell in love with him gradually, ensuring that his wealth was not the only factor taken in to account as she accepted his second marriage offer of marriage.Her primary busy seems to be in marrying for love, as she turned down a proposal from Mr. collins which would have ensured her money, a home and a good reputation. With all of this taken into account, Eliza refuses due to Mr. Collins personality and the fact that she does not love him.In chapter nineteen Mr. Collins another ridiculed character makes hi s first proposal to Elizabeth. He makes it clear that he only makes the proposal due to Catherine DeBurghs advice. He also thinks it may benefit his happiness, though mentions vigour of hers. Much of the proposal is an insult to Miss Bennet as he retells Lady Catherines exact language (let her be an active, useful person, not brought up too high). Mr. Collins obviously does not love Elizabeth, nor is he pretending so. He seems to think that, due to the fact that he has good connections, Elizabeth would jump at the come across of marrying him. She refuses politely, yet Mr. Collins messnot see why she would refuse his offer. He is a prime example of individual who doesnt think love is a necessity for a successful marriage. He sees his proposal as an ethical gesture as a way to compensate the Bennet family for the fact that he shall inherit the contribute upon Mr. Bennets death, but somewhat selfishly to better his own military position and comfort.Soon after this, as Mr. Colli ns retreats with a slightly bruised ego, we learn that Miss Charlotte Lucas, a close title-holder of the Bennets, has accepted another proposal from Collins, presumably one of the same type. After Elizabeth confronts her on the news of their engagement Charlotte justifies her thoughts with the following I am not romantic I ask only a comfortable home connections, and situation in life, I am convinced my chance of happiness with him is fair, as most people can overdraw on entering the marriage state. This, as hearty as her earlier comment relating to Jane fixing Mr. Bingley (almost as though discussing an animal, or assuming Bingley is broken due to his being unmarried).Perhaps Charlotte only seeks the above, or peradventure she is worried about what her peers would say about her being unmarried at such an age. In this percentage point in time, women were talked about if unmarried in their late twenties.Someone with an opposite view to Charlotte is Caroline Bingley. Where the Be nnet sisters and Charlotte Lucas aim to marry high and ensure their financial security, Caroline seems to scorn them for wishing to do so. She disapproves of Jane and her brothers relationship, which can be gathered from her trying to keep the fact that Jane was in London at the same time as her brother a secret. She seems convinced that her friends marrying anyone of a lower rank would be shameful, and that anyone wishing to marry her brother of Mr. Darcy must be after their money. While chasing the hope of gaining a desirable social status and money, Caroline Bingley may well forget about love and, even if it ever came along, may well suppress it in hopes of something better.The issue of indipendence may also be one that Miss Bingley considers. She lives with her brother and has to up and leave when he does so. The security and indipendence a marriage would bring is surely something she would have looked forward to.Her friend, Mr. Darcy, is well aware of womens sides at the time. He even goes as far as to warn his best friend against Jane Bennet, as he fears that she doesnt love Bingley as is only showing an interest in him for his wealth. This cynical attitude may have grown due to his pride and perhaps the effect of spending too much time with Charles Bingleys sisters.This seems evermore the case when listening to the piano at Netherfield he thinks to himself that it may become severe to pay too much attention to Lizzy. He makes it clear that he regards her of a lower circle in his refused proposal (He spoke well, but there were feelings besides those of the heart to be detailed His sand of her inferiority of its being a degradation of the family obstacles.) and is obviously concerned about other peoples opinions.Despite the fact that the story ends happily and both Elizabeth and Jane marry for love, the underlying theme of the novel is, predictably, pride and prejudice. Lydia, though longing to marry Wickham for love, runs the risk of being ostraci sed due to her living with him outside of wedlock. This, in turn, would ruin the reputation of her sisters. Despite being in love, would Darcy and Bingley want to get married to the siblings of a disgraced woman? If Darcy had not have been able to persuade Wickham to marry Lydia, would he in turn have abandoned Elizabeth?Though Austen strongly hints that she approves of marrying for love rather than money (through satirising some characters and not others), it is clear that reputation and etiquette were still as important, if not more important than love in ones marriage.

Colonization and domestic violence: Strategies

village and national rage StrategiesThe correlation mingled with closure and national rage is needful given the plethora of scholarly and historical data. The main misconception that exists in this bea relates to the persuasion that the violent aspects of small t stimulate and its associated malignment lay right away at the feet of Westerners or other extraneous cultures and influences. Domestic fierceness, in its numerous divisions, is hostd upon men, women and children from m either sources including people in their own society.In addition to the definitions and correlations of colonization and domestic frenzy, this typography also discusses the colonization, hearty structure and demoralise of Aboriginal Peoples including the Maori tribe of new(a) Zealand, Native Americans, and the First republic communities of Canada as well as the diseases thrust upon the colonists by the colonizers.Also examined ar the relationships amongst innovative abuse related to colonised cultures and its possible prevention.Domestic ViolenceThe United States Justice Departments theatrical role on Violence A move inst Women provides a definition of the various types of domestic furiousnessWe define domestic violence as a pattern of abusive doings in any relationship that is used by unitary partner to gain or maintain power and control over a nonher outline partner. Domestic violence can be physical, sexual, emotional, economic, or psychological actions or threats of actions that influence another(prenominal) person. This includes any behaviors that intimidate, manipulate, humiliate, isolate, frighten, terrorize, coerce, threaten, blame, hurt, injure, or wound most whiz. (2014)The types of domestic abuse include physical, sexual, emotional, economic and psychological abuse. Domestic violence is not limited to any particular race, religion, gender, age, educational or socio-economic factors.For the purpose of this paper, domestic violence is categorized as violent behavior that has been inflicted on one culture by another since colonization took place. Oftentimes the victims are the colonists who are subjected to abuse in its various forms by the colonizers further eventually that abuse transfers into abuse between members of the crush culture. The reasons for the abuse may disappear but the behavior can last and even hurry through future generations.ColonizationThe term colonization comes from the Latin for to inhabit. Colonisation most frequently refers to an outside group moving into a previously inhabited area. Ever since man learned to travel, he has desired to conquer new lands either by developing a profitable relationship with the autochthonal peoples or, more commonly, by taking over the land and other resources through a threat of force or through direct violence. Colonisation can be beneficial if it is done with respect and cooperation of the inhabitants. nearly regions, e exceptionally underdeveloped regions, ma y benefit significantly from colonization by an outside culture. These regions may date in an increase in world knowledge, medical care, economic growth and more. There are instances however, that deliver the dark side of colonization and the domestic violence with which it has a good dealtimes been associated. History is filled with tales of forceful colonization despite the language used to describe it exploration, eminent domain, settlements.More often than not when a territory is colonised without the express permission of the colonists, violence ensues. The violence may come in the form of a direct attack or through pagan oppression. The colonists may be imprisoned, raped or beat out into submission. This form of abuse lasts much longer than the life span of the abuser and abused. It is carried into future generations through culture, belief systems and trauma, often causing particular cultures to be more prone to the violence committed against their ancestors or, worse, become the abusers.correlation coefficient between Colonisation and Domestic ViolencePeople intent on colonizing new lands or infiltrating brisk cultures typically held the strict belief that their religion, politics, education and culture were far superior to that of the natural people thus it was common practice for the new settlers to impart, often forcibly, their culture and belief systems on the indigenous peoples. As a result of this effort, the indigenous peoples were required to take on the characteristics and culture of the invaders, usually due to the threat of violence. Because indigenous people were often less educated than the attack population, they were seen and finenessed as an inferior society.This is not to recount that the indigenous cultures were perfect before they were infiltrated by the colonizers. Each culture has its own unique set of beliefs and circumstances. The diversity may be that there is limited, if any, knowledge or documentation on the cu lture of these peoples before they were colonised.Colonization and PatriarchyPatriarchy, the cultural practice of revering the male gender as the head of society, including the family structure, can be directly linked to colonization and the mistreatment of the feminine gender. Historically speaking, cultures with a patriarchal view held little regard for the female gender which often permitted substandard treatment of females. This treatment often led to various forms of domestic violence. A patriarchal belief system is common even in the modern world although great strides throw off been made to protect women and children from violent males often taught to be dominant by colonizing cultures. time the majority of the invading people held a patriarchal view, that is not without exception. Many indigenous cultures are matriarchal in nature, in particular the Native American and First Nation communities of Canada. The switching in leadership from matriarchal to patriarchal often c aused women to be viewed as inferior as men were taught not to respect women as they once had. As a result, women in many a(prenominal) cultures were viewed as little more than property allowing the male population to treat the women in any way they saw fit, including a cycle of domestic violence that would remain in place for generations.According to Kanuha (2002), there are several strategies for claiming superiority over another gender or culture. The first is to convince the colonists that their ways are superior.The second outline is to create a delineation between the colonizers and the indigenous peoples through segregation including the separation of men and women. The third strategy of colonization is to use domestic violence to control the colonists. This may include any and all forms of physical, emotional, spiritual and psychological abuse.The fourth strategy is to take control of the colonists economic resources including natural resources.The fifth strategy is contro lling the culture and limiting outside resources of knowledge and information. In some cultures they are permitted to see only media images of women that were created by men images that often objectified women. another(prenominal) form of control is to prohibit the use of subjective language and education as well as to deny the colonists the opportunity to decide or vote on their own futures.While patriarchy is undeniably tied to colonization, it must be mentioned that men also jut outed from these akin issues. While men may adjudge been seen as dominant, the colonists were second to the colonizers and therefore often suffered from the same abuses as women.Colonisation and DiseaseOne form of domestic violence is to deny one appropriate health care. During the colonization of many regions of the world, indigenous peoples were heart-to-heart to and infected to new diseases brought by the colonists yet were denied adequate care. In fact, many of the colonizers were often quarantin ed from the belatedly exposed natives to protect them from diseases they brought to the region. The belief was that the natives, unable to withstand any number of exotic pathogens, were biologically inferior.It was the education of world tidy sum driveways as well as the desire to conquer new lands that encouraged atomic number 63ans to torment borders into previously unexplored territories. As a result, they infected entire cultures with disease, namely tuberculosis and small pox, deuce diseases responsible for killing the majority of Americans and Europeans in the 18th and 19th centuries. Additionally, the colonizers tended to bring with them newly domesticated animals which added another level of potential disease to the natives. As the mortality rate of the colonists rose, the colonizers were able to increase their presence and control over the remaining people and their lands.Colonisation of the Maori, Native Americans and the First Communities of CanadaThe Aboriginal tri bes of the South Pacific, particularly the Maori, run through a long and violent floor of being colonised by Western Europeans. The Maori were once the colonisers of New Zealand, taking over the island through force and causing the genocide of the islands indigenous peoples. The Maori began to trade with Europe in the 1700s, bartering fish and land for beads, cloth and other items. When potential invaders attempted to invade New Zealand, the Maori embraced violence and beheaded the infiltrators. They often participated in cannibalism rituals which led to a reputation of the Maori as being brutal savages. The shift toward colonisation began when missionaries arrived in New Zealand with the hope of converting the Maori to Christianity. The missionaries traded goods for land and built New Zealands first church.The Maori began to trade in muskets which created an arms race between New Zealand and its neighbors. Violence escalated. Although the Maori and the missionaries tended to rema in separate, many Maori began to convert to Christianity. Relationships between Britain and the Maori strengthened. Britain wanted the Maori to pledge its allegiance to the throne in exchange for a guarantee that no one would attempt to rob the Maori of their lands. While many Maori refused to link themselves to the Queen, 46 chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi, hoping to end the violence.While the Maori as a whole did not willingly shift to British rule, the region began to thrive from the relationship. Eventually, the British establi take away a new capital in Aukland and the country move to thrive.The history of the Native American tribes is well documented in most school texts. Christopher capital of Ohio believed he had discovered a shorter route to China when he landed in the Bahamas. Columbus, eager to prove that he was a superior venturer sought only three things in his travels to educate people about God, to gain glory for his explorations, and to gain fame and fortune f rom the gold, spices and other resources the trip would provide. Due to these factors, Columbus arrival in the Bahamas was ill fated for its people. Columbus and his crew pillaged the land and were, in essence, responsible for the deaths of nearly 60,000 inhabitants of the islands over a period of the conterminous 30 years.Upon arriving in America, Columbus discovered that there were people living on this new land. This dawn encouraged other people to travel to the New World. The infiltration of Europeans was not welcome by many of the 160 native tribes. While some tribes were friendly with each other and with the Europeans, many were not. Wars ensued. A full-size percentage of Native Americans were wiped out by the arrival of small pox, diminishing its population by as much as 70%. As the colonisation of the Americas continued, the Europeans began to outnumber the savages, forcing them into more remote areas of the country. Violence continued to escalate between the Europeans an d Native Americans. Although it was the Europeans that began the barbaric practice of scalping, the act was solely attributed to the Native Americans who often retaliated in kind. The reputation of the Native Americans as uncivilized savages grew and along with it, any respect for their culture all but vanished.The legacy of the First Nation of communities mirrors that of the Native Americans and, in fact, they are in some way of the same family as their lands were stolen in the name of capitalism and racism.Throughout 100 years of violence between the Europeans and native cultures, the natives continued to be pushed back until eventually the majority of tribes were relegated to reservations. The segregation and loss of their culture created a wider crevice between the cultures. Missionaries continued to attempt to colonise the natives by preaching and introducing modern ways into their culture. Domestic violence between factions continued as women were abused, men were beaten and killed. Women and children were also sold into the slave trade as sexual objects.Prevention of Domestic Violence in Colonised TerritoriesIt has been stated that the abuse and objectification of indigenous peoples carries with it a dark stain that has permeated generations. In addition to carrying that sense of shame and continued chain of abuse, each item-by-item in the culture also carries with him a sense of being inferior. This sense of inferiority and the legacy of abuse are two of the reasons that indigenous peoples tend to get a higher rate of abuse as well as suicide.The prevention of domestic violence in colonised territories, despite the location, begins with education. In modern society it is known that abuse in any form is morally and ethically wrong as well as being illegal. Still, incidents of abuse occur every day and perpetrators are often allowed to shit free while the abused suffer.Some domestic violence treatment architectural plans may give special considerati on to the history of trauma suffered by a particular culture, particularly those that have been colonised and convey a marked increase of substance abuse or number of psychological issues. One such programme, popular in the United States is the Duluth Model in which the abuser is treated based on his history of trauma, beliefs in victimization and power over the abused as well as the shame factor. The programme has been used in the education and court systems to decrease the percentage of abuse, particularly by men.Smith (2006) statesResearchers are beginning to confirm what common sense dictates that violence between exclusives, while influenced by social and cultural variables, is more parsimoniously explained by an examination of individual characteristics, contexts, and functions of behavior. Not surprisingly, empirical research is beginning to identify shame, individual stressors such as substance abuse and trauma history, and personality characteristics as main contributors to violent behavior in intimate relationships.Smith also intimates that while there are many programmes and models that claim to have the best recipe for preventing abuse, it is not clear if one has any superior efficacy. Smith asserts that domestic violence activists and agencies will see the most success when treating the individual ascribed to the abuse.ConclusionThe correlation between colonisation and domestic violence has been proven through myriad scholarly articles, texts and studies. Research has shown that the oppression of the colonists by colonisers creates deep intimate turmoil that must be expressed. Since the anger, indignation and shame usually cannot be expressed directly at the abuser, the victim may turn those feelings inward which may result in depression, substance abuse, and even suicide. However, some victims will take out those feelings on others that may be weaker than they. In this case, it is often women and children that may suffer from physical, emotio nal, psychological, financial and verbal abuse. While many social programmes exist to combat domestic violence, they are often not designed to address the underlying trauma of the victim or the abuser.When one culture has been oppressed by another, a sense of inferiority is instilled. The oppressor intends to take what it wants from the oppressed whether it is land, money or even its own women and children. The oppressor often uses whatever means necessary to achieve his goals and will subject the oppressed to various types of violence and abuse. The oppressor may begin to believe that the violence is justified and that belief, that victim or abusive mentality may remain and perchance even escalate throughout future generations. As women are objectified due to their cultures and perhaps beaten or raped, they tend to believe that the behavior is normal or perhaps even earned. Combatting those emotions and pose an end to domestic violence among the colonised cultures goes much deepe r than the formulation of any law or social programme, no matter how valid. The issue must be addressed at the deepest level the level of ones belief system. While many programmes may treat only the victim or the abuser, it is imperative form that both sides of the conflict be dissected and examined. The history of ones culture can shed light on personal behavior even if the history seems far removed. Learning ones history as well as becoming educated on healthy forms of communication and interaction are the only ways in which domestic violence can be effectively addressed. merely then is it possible to perhaps not eradicate but at least lessen the occurrences of domestic violence in these and other cultures.